World Distribution of Plocamium sp.

Plocamium is a cosmopolitan genus, its 47 species are found all over the world. A species from the Plocamium genus can be found in all the major oceans of the world.

Plocamium pacificum is a species that is exclusively found in the Eastern Pacific. Vancouver Island, British Columbia, is its northern most area and it extends down in to southern California. Its distribution fills the area where it was once thought P. cartilagineum lived. P. cartilagineum, unlike P. pacificum, is a widely distributed alga. It can be found in many locations within the Atlantic, Mediterranean, Indian, Pacific, Australasian, and Antarctic Oceans.

Species

Distribution

Plocamium abnorme J.D.Hooker & Harvey

Pacific Islands: Fiji (N'Yeurt et al. 1996).

Plocamium affine Kützing

Indian Ocean: South Africa. (Silva et al., 1996).

Plocamium angustum (J.Agardh) J.D.Hooker & Harvey

Indian Ocean: Australia (Silva et al. 1996).

Australasia: New Zealand (Adams 1994; Nelson & Phillips 1996).

Plocamium beckeri F.Schmitz ex Simons 1964

SE Atlantic: West coast of South Africa (Stegenga et al. 1997)

Indian Ocean: Mozambique, South Africa (Silva et al. 1996).

Plocamium brachiocarpum Kütz.

Plocamium brasiliense (Greville) M.Howe & W.R.Taylor

Plocamium californicum

Plocamium cartilagineum (L.) P.S.Dixon 1967

NE Atlantic:
Iceland (Caram & Jónsson 1972).
Norway (Rueness et al. 1997).
Baltic Sea (Nielsen et al. 1995).
Faroes (Irvine 1982).
Netherlands (Stegenga et al. 1997, drift only).
Ireland (Guiry 1978).
S.Spain (Seoane-Camba 1965; Conde et al. 1996).
Azores (Neto 1994). Madeira (Levring 1974).
Canary Islands (Gil-Rodriguez & Afonso-Carillo, 1980)
Tristan de Cunha, Senegal, Mditerranean, Azores to Western Baltic Sea, Norway, British Isles, Ireland, Shetland Islands, Faroe Islands, Iceland, Jamaica, Brazil? (Bischoff-Bässmann & Wiencke 1996)

Mediterranean:
Spain (Gallardo et al. 1985; Conde et al. 1996).
Corsica (Boudouresque & Perret 1977).
Malta (Cormaci et al. 1997).
Adriatic (Giaccone 1977).
Greece (Athanasiadis 1987).
Egypt (Aleem 1993).
Tunisia (Meñez & Mathieson 1981; Ben Maiz et al. 1987).

Indian Ocean:
Amsterdam Island, Madagascar, Mozambique, St. Paul Island, South Africa. (Silva et al. 1996).

Pacific:
Alaska (Scagel et al. 1989). *
British Columbia (Scagel et al. 1989). *
Washington (Scagel et al. 1989). *
Oregon (Hansen 1997). *
California (Scagel et al. 1989). *
California (Abbott & Hollenberg 1976). *
Fiji (N'Yeurt et al. 1996).
Chile (Santelices 1989; Hoffmann & Santelices, 1997).
Juan Fernandez Island, South America (W. coast 18°S), Mexico, Baja California to northern southeast Alaska*, Bering Sea, New Zealand, Auckland Islands, South Australia, Chatham Islands, Antipodes Islands Campbell Island, Snares (Bischoff-Bässmann & Wiencke 1996)

* believed to actually be P. pacificum.

Australasia:
New Zealand (Adams 1994).

Antarctica and Sub Antarctica:
South Shetlands (Gallardo et al. 1999).
Mac. Robertson Coast, Adelie Coast, Wilkes Land, Victoria Land, South Orkney Islands, South Georgis, Falkland Islands, Tierra del Fuego, Kerguelen Islands (Bischoff-Bässmann & Wiencke 1996)

Plocamium cartilagineum var. uncinatum (J. Agardh) combined.

Mediterranean: Spain (Gallardo et al. 1985).

Plocamium concinnum Aresch.

Plocamium confervaceum Bory

Plocamium corallorhiza (Turner) J.D.Hooker & Harvey 1845

SE Atlantic: West coast of South Africa (Stegenga et al. 1997)

Indian Ocean: Amsterdam Island, Madagascar, Mozambique, St. Paul Island, South Africa. (Silva et al., 1996).

Plocamium cornutum (Turner) Harvey 1847

Indian Ocean: Indonesia (Java?), Madagascar, Mauritius, Réunion, South Africa. (Silva et al., 1996).

Plocamium costatum (C.Agardh) J.D.Hooker & Harvey

Australasia: New Zealand (Adams 1994).

Plocamium cruciferum

Plocamium dilatatum J. Agardh

Plocamium flexuosum Harv.

Plocamium froelichianum Kütz.

Plocamium fullerae Schmitz

Plocamium fuscorubrum Baardseth

Plocamium glomeratum J.Agardh 1852

SE Atlantic: West coast of South Africa (Stegenga et al. 1997)

Indian Ocean: Madagascar, Mozambique, South Africa. (Silva et al. 1996).

Plocamium hamatum J.Agardh 1876

Australasia: New Zealand (Adams 1994).

Plocamium hookeri Harvey in Hook.f. & Harvey 1845

Indian Ocean: Amsterdam Island. (Silva et al., 1996).

Antarctica and Sub Antarctica: Macquarie I. (Ricker 1987). South Shetlands (Gallardo et al. 1999).

Plocamium latifrons J. Agardh

Plocamium leptophyllum Kützing 1849

NW Pacific: Japan (Yoshida et al. 1990).

Australasia: New Zealand (Adams. 1994; Nelson & Phillips 1996).

Plocamium maxillosum (Poiret) J.V.Lamouroux 1813

SE Atlantic: West coast of South Africa (Stegenga et al. 1997)

Indian Ocean: Mozambique, South Africa. (Silva et al. 1996).

Plocamium membranaceum Suhr

Plocamium mertensii (Greville) Harvey

Indian Ocean: Australia. (Silva et al. 1996).

Plocamium microcladioides South & N.M.Adams 1979

Australasia: New South Wales (Millar 1990). Lord Howe Island (Millar 1990). New Zealand (Adams 1994).

Plocamium minutum Levring

Plocamium nidificum Harv.

Plocamium oregonum Doty 1947

Type locality: Brookings, Oregon, U.S.A.

Plocamium ovicornis Okamura

NW Pacific: Japan (Yoshida et al. 1990).

Plocamium pacificum Kylin 1925

Vancouver Island (British Columbia) to Southern California (La Jolla) *

* this replaces all sitings of P. cartilagineum believed to be in that area.

Plocamium patens G.Martens

Indian Ocean: Indonesia (Timor) according to (Silva et al. 1996).

Plocamium preissianum Sonder

Indian Ocean: Australia (Silva et al. 1996).

Plocamium procerum (J. Agardh) Harv.

Plocamium raphelisianum P.J.L.Dangeard 1949

Type locality: Morocco.

NE Atlantic: Portugal (Ardré 1970). S.Spain (Seoane-Camba 1965; Conde et al. 1996). Morocco (Dangeard 1949).

Mediterranean: Spain (Conde et al. 1996).

Plocamium recurvatum Okamura

NW Pacific: Japan (Yoshida et al. 1990).

Plocamium rigidum Bory 1834

SE Atlantic: West coast of South Africa (Stegenga et al. 1997)

Indian Ocean: General (Silva et al. 1996).

Plocamium rigidum var. tenuis Grunow

Type locality: Algoa Bay, Cape Province, South Africa

Indian Ocean: Amsterdam Island, South Africa.

Plocamium robertiae Schmitz

Plocamium secundatum (Kützing) Kützing 1866

Type locality: Fuegia. Type: L (Ricker 1987).

Antarctica and Sub Antarctica: Macquarie I. (Ricker 1987).

Plocamium serrulatum Okamura

NW Pacific: Japan (Yoshida et al. 1990).

Plocamium suhrii Kützing 1849

SE Atlantic: West coast of South Africa (Stegenga et al. 1997)

Indian Ocean: Amsterdam Island, Madagascar, St. Paul Island, South Africa. (Silva et al. 1996).

Plocamium telfairiae (J.D.Hooker & Harvey) Harvey ex Kützing

Type locality: Mauritius

Indian Ocean: Mauritius, Mozambique, Pakistan, Réunion (Silva et al. 1996).

NW Pacific: Japan (Yoshida et al. 1990). China (Tseng 1984).

Plocamium tenue Kylin

NE Pacific: Washington, (Kylin 1925).

Plocamium violacea Farlow

NE Pacific: Alaska (Scagel et al. 1989). British Columbia (Scagel et al. 1989). Washington (Scagel et al., 1989). Oregon (Hansen 1997). California (Scagel et al., 1989).

Total: 47 species

Table compiled using information from:

Bischoff-Bässmann & Wiencke 1996

Online Catalogue Of Benthic Marine Algae Of The Indian Ocean at the Jepson Herbarium at the University of California, Berkeley. Written by Paul C. Silva, Philip Basson & Richard Moe. 1996-1998.

Swedish Museum of Natural History. Written by Monika Myrdal.

Seaweed Database at the National University of Ireland, Galway.
Includes distribution references and taxonomy for 30 Plocamium species. Search for Plocamium.
Written by Michael D. Guiry. 1998.

Species	Distribution
*Plocamium abnorme* J.D.Hooker & Harvey	Pacific Islands: Fiji (N'Yeurt et al. 1996).
*Plocamium affine* Kützing	Indian Ocean: South Africa. (Silva et al., 1996).
*Plocamium angustum* (J.Agardh) J.D.Hooker & Harvey	Indian Ocean: Australia (Silva et al. 1996). Australasia: New Zealand (Adams 1994; Nelson & Phillips 1996).
*Plocamium beckeri* F.Schmitz ex Simons 1964	SE Atlantic: West coast of South Africa (Stegenga et al. 1997) Indian Ocean: Mozambique, South Africa (Silva et al. 1996).
*Plocamium brachiocarpum* Kütz.
*Plocamium brasiliense* (Greville) M.Howe & W.R.Taylor
*Plocamium californicum*
*Plocamium cartilagineum* (L.) P.S.Dixon 1967	NE Atlantic: Iceland (Caram & Jónsson 1972). Norway (Rueness et al. 1997). Baltic Sea (Nielsen et al. 1995). Faroes (Irvine 1982). Netherlands (Stegenga et al. 1997, drift only). Ireland (Guiry 1978). S.Spain (Seoane-Camba 1965; Conde et al. 1996). Azores (Neto 1994). Madeira (Levring 1974). Canary Islands (Gil-Rodriguez & Afonso-Carillo, 1980) Tristan de Cunha, Senegal, Mditerranean, Azores to Western Baltic Sea, Norway, British Isles, Ireland, Shetland Islands, Faroe Islands, Iceland, Jamaica, Brazil? (Bischoff-Bässmann & Wiencke 1996) Mediterranean: Spain (Gallardo et al. 1985; Conde et al. 1996). Corsica (Boudouresque & Perret 1977). Malta (Cormaci et al. 1997). Adriatic (Giaccone 1977). Greece (Athanasiadis 1987). Egypt (Aleem 1993). Tunisia (Meñez & Mathieson 1981; Ben Maiz et al. 1987). Indian Ocean: Amsterdam Island, Madagascar, Mozambique, St. Paul Island, South Africa. (Silva et al. 1996). Pacific: Alaska (Scagel et al. 1989). * British Columbia (Scagel et al. 1989). * Washington (Scagel et al. 1989). * Oregon (Hansen 1997). * California (Scagel et al. 1989). * California (Abbott & Hollenberg 1976). * Fiji (N'Yeurt et al. 1996). Chile (Santelices 1989; Hoffmann & Santelices, 1997). Juan Fernandez Island, South America (W. coast 18°S), Mexico, Baja California to northern southeast Alaska, Bering Sea, New Zealand, Auckland Islands, South Australia, Chatham Islands, Antipodes Islands Campbell Island, Snares (Bischoff-Bässmann & Wiencke 1996) believed to actually be P. pacificum. Australasia: New Zealand (Adams 1994). Antarctica and Sub Antarctica: South Shetlands (Gallardo et al. 1999). Mac. Robertson Coast, Adelie Coast, Wilkes Land, Victoria Land, South Orkney Islands, South Georgis, Falkland Islands, Tierra del Fuego, Kerguelen Islands (Bischoff-Bässmann & Wiencke 1996)
*Plocamium cartilagineum* var. *uncinatum* (J. Agardh) combined.	Mediterranean: Spain (Gallardo et al. 1985).
*Plocamium concinnum* Aresch.
*Plocamium confervaceum* Bory
*Plocamium corallorhiza* (Turner) J.D.Hooker & Harvey 1845	SE Atlantic: West coast of South Africa (Stegenga et al. 1997) Indian Ocean: Amsterdam Island, Madagascar, Mozambique, St. Paul Island, South Africa. (Silva et al., 1996).
*Plocamium cornutum* (Turner) Harvey 1847	Indian Ocean: Indonesia (Java?), Madagascar, Mauritius, Réunion, South Africa. (Silva et al., 1996).
*Plocamium costatum* (C.Agardh) J.D.Hooker & Harvey	Australasia: New Zealand (Adams 1994).
*Plocamium cruciferum*
*Plocamium dilatatum* J. Agardh
*Plocamium flexuosum* Harv.
*Plocamium froelichianum* Kütz.
*Plocamium fullerae* Schmitz
*Plocamium fuscorubrum* Baardseth
*Plocamium glomeratum* J.Agardh 1852	SE Atlantic: West coast of South Africa (Stegenga et al. 1997) Indian Ocean: Madagascar, Mozambique, South Africa. (Silva et al. 1996).
*Plocamium hamatum* J.Agardh 1876	Australasia: New Zealand (Adams 1994).
*Plocamium hookeri* Harvey in Hook.f. & Harvey 1845	Indian Ocean: Amsterdam Island. (Silva et al., 1996). Antarctica and Sub Antarctica: Macquarie I. (Ricker 1987). South Shetlands (Gallardo et al. 1999).
*Plocamium latifrons* J. Agardh
*Plocamium leptophyllum* Kützing 1849	NW Pacific: Japan (Yoshida et al. 1990). Australasia: New Zealand (Adams. 1994; Nelson & Phillips 1996).
*Plocamium maxillosum* (Poiret) J.V.Lamouroux 1813	SE Atlantic: West coast of South Africa (Stegenga et al. 1997) Indian Ocean: Mozambique, South Africa. (Silva et al. 1996).
*Plocamium membranaceum* Suhr
*Plocamium mertensii* (Greville) Harvey	Indian Ocean: Australia. (Silva et al. 1996).
*Plocamium microcladioides* South & N.M.Adams 1979	Australasia: New South Wales (Millar 1990). Lord Howe Island (Millar 1990). New Zealand (Adams 1994).
*Plocamium minutum* Levring
*Plocamium nidificum* Harv.
*Plocamium oregonum* Doty 1947	Type locality: Brookings, Oregon, U.S.A.
*Plocamium ovicornis* Okamura	NW Pacific: Japan (Yoshida et al. 1990).
*Plocamium pacificum* Kylin 1925	Vancouver Island (British Columbia) to Southern California (La Jolla) * * this replaces all sitings of P. cartilagineum believed to be in that area.
*Plocamium patens* G.Martens	Indian Ocean: Indonesia (Timor) according to (Silva et al. 1996).
*Plocamium preissianum* Sonder	Indian Ocean: Australia (Silva et al. 1996).
*Plocamium procerum* (J. Agardh) Harv.
*Plocamium raphelisianum* P.J.L.Dangeard 1949	Type locality: Morocco. NE Atlantic: Portugal (Ardré 1970). S.Spain (Seoane-Camba 1965; Conde et al. 1996). Morocco (Dangeard 1949). Mediterranean: Spain (Conde et al. 1996).
*Plocamium recurvatum* Okamura	NW Pacific: Japan (Yoshida et al. 1990).
*Plocamium rigidum* Bory 1834	SE Atlantic: West coast of South Africa (Stegenga et al. 1997) Indian Ocean: General (Silva et al. 1996).
*Plocamium rigidum* var. *tenuis* Grunow	Type locality: Algoa Bay, Cape Province, South Africa Indian Ocean: Amsterdam Island, South Africa.
*Plocamium robertiae* Schmitz
*Plocamium secundatum* (Kützing) Kützing 1866	Type locality: Fuegia. Type: L (Ricker 1987). Antarctica and Sub Antarctica: Macquarie I. (Ricker 1987).
*Plocamium serrulatum* Okamura	NW Pacific: Japan (Yoshida et al. 1990).
*Plocamium suhrii* Kützing 1849	SE Atlantic: West coast of South Africa (Stegenga et al. 1997) Indian Ocean: Amsterdam Island, Madagascar, St. Paul Island, South Africa. (Silva et al. 1996).
*Plocamium telfairiae* (J.D.Hooker & Harvey) Harvey ex Kützing	Type locality: Mauritius Indian Ocean: Mauritius, Mozambique, Pakistan, Réunion (Silva et al. 1996). NW Pacific: Japan (Yoshida et al. 1990). China (Tseng 1984).
*Plocamium tenue* Kylin	NE Pacific: Washington, (Kylin 1925).
*Plocamium violacea* Farlow	NE Pacific: Alaska (Scagel et al. 1989). British Columbia (Scagel et al. 1989). Washington (Scagel et al., 1989). Oregon (Hansen 1997). California (Scagel et al., 1989).